Continuous, stable distribution of the electrical energy supplied to an electrical circuit is important for the proper operation of many circuits. This stability relies on the capabilities of the power source – utility power-station, local generator or other power sources. The physical condition of the electrical distribution system in a circuit also affects the quality of the electrical power supplied to the loads at that circuit. Usually, the electrical distribution system is composed of wiring, connectors, contactors, protection devices and a panel box. This panel box is also known as load centre or fuse box.
Each of the elements of the electrical distribution system is assumed to be free of any defect when it is installed in a circuit. However, these elements are subject to degradation due to several causes.
The developments introduced by Isra-Juk Electronics
The development introduced by Isra-Juk Electronics is based on learning the patterns of the voltage and / or the current at a point in the electrical distribution system and analyzing changes from these patterns. A momentary change in the voltage followed by a return to the same voltage pattern is probably an indication of a momentary discontinuity in the wiring, or is an indication of a problem in the electrical power that enters the circuit. Concurrent analysis of the electrical current enables distinguishing between changes caused by activation or de-activation of an electrical load and changes caused by discontinuities in the wiring. Figure 1 depicts examples of discontinuities-waveforms that Isra-Juk’s developments would detect. Such discontinuities are not detected by existing equipment.
Figure 1
The waveforms at the figure are examples of voltage-deviations in an AC system. While the upper waveform can be detected by sensing an over-voltage indication, the lower waveform cannot be detected by over- or under-voltage detection methods because it is inside the acceptable values. The lower waveform will be detected by the development introduced here – by learning the voltage-pattern and detecting deviations from that pattern.
Preferably, the processing required to detect these electrical faults will be performed by sensing-units that will be included in appliances. Another way of use is by portable devices or plug-in units – for professional use of electricians, for example.
More technical data is available in the following application note: